Concrete Calculator — Cubic Yards & Bags

Enter your length, width and thickness to get the concrete you need in cubic feet, cubic yards and bags (40/60/80 lb), with an optional waste allowance.

Confirm yield against your product’s bag/spec sheet and order a little extra (5–10%) for spillage, uneven subgrade and over-excavation. Bag yields and coverage vary by mix and brand.

Calculator

ft
ft
in
Decimal: 0.05 = 5%, 0.10 = 10%
Concrete needed1.78 yd³
Volume (with 0% waste)48.0 cu ft (144 sq ft × 4")
Bags (80 lb, 0.60 ft³ each)80 bags
Ready-mix order (round up)2.00 yd³

A 12 × 12 ft slab at 4" needs about 48.0 cu ft — roughly 1.78 cubic yards, or 80 bags of 80 lb mix (includes 0% waste). Order ready-mix in quarter-yard steps.

This is the calculator most people mean when they search “how much concrete do I need?” It takes a rectangular slab, footing or pad and returns the volume three ways — cubic feet, cubic yards for ready-mix, and the number of 40, 60 or 80 lb bags — so you can decide whether to order a truck or buy bags. Concrete is sold by the cubic yard from a ready-mix plant and by the bag at the store, and this tool speaks both languages.

Everything is a plain identity on your measurements: no prices, no brand assumptions, nothing that goes stale. Add a small waste allowance (spillage, uneven subgrade, over-excavation) and the result already includes it.

Formula

Volume in cubic feet is area × thickness, with thickness converted from inches to feet:

cu ft = length_ft × width_ft × (thickness_in ÷ 12)

cu ft (with waste) = cu ft × (1 + waste%)

cubic yards = cu ft ÷ 27  (1 yd³ = 27 ft³)

bags = ceil(cu ft ÷ bag yield), using labeled yields of 0.60 ft³ (80 lb), 0.45 ft³ (60 lb) or 0.30 ft³ (40 lb).

Worked example

A 12 × 12 ft slab at 4 in thick:

  • Area = 12 × 12 = 144 sq ft
  • Volume = 144 × (4 ÷ 12) = 48 cu ft
  • Cubic yards = 48 ÷ 27 = 1.78 yd³
  • Bags (80 lb) = ceil(48 ÷ 0.60) = 80 bags

Add a 10% waste allowance and the volume becomes 52.8 cu ft, or about 1.96 yd³ — the reason plants let you order in quarter-yard steps.

Ordering ready-mix vs bags

As a rough rule of thumb, once a pour passes roughly a cubic yard (about 40 × 80 lb bags) mixing bags by hand stops being worth the sweat, and a short-load ready-mix delivery usually wins on both time and finish quality. Under that, bags let you pour in stages. Whichever route you pick, buy or order a little extra: you cannot splice a second batch into a slab that has already started to set, and coming up short mid-pour is the one mistake you cannot fix later.

Thickness matters more than people expect — going from 4 in to 5 in on the same slab adds 25% to the volume. Measure the thickness you will actually pour, not the nominal one, and remember that an uneven or over-excavated subgrade quietly eats concrete.

Reference table

How far one cubic yard of concrete goes, by slab thickness (labeled planning typicals):

ThicknessCoverage per yd³
3 in65 sq ft
4 in46.7 sq ft
6 in35 sq ft

Frequently asked questions

How much concrete do I need for a 12x12 slab at 4 inches?
About 48 cubic feet, which is roughly 1.78 cubic yards or 80 bags of 80 lb mix. Add 5–10% for waste and order ready-mix in quarter-yard steps.
Is concrete sold by the cubic yard or the bag?
Both. Ready-mix plants deliver by the cubic yard (1 yd³ = 27 ft³); stores sell bagged mix by weight, and each bag yields a labeled volume — about 0.60 ft³ for an 80 lb bag. This calculator gives you both figures.
How much waste should I add?
A 5–10% allowance is typical for spillage, an uneven subgrade and over-excavation. Set it as a decimal (0.05 = 5%). Bagged mixes are easy to top up; a ready-mix truck is not, so round up.
Does this size the slab structurally?
No. It is a volume and material quantity only. Slab thickness, footings and reinforcement for load-bearing work are sized by a licensed engineer to your local code — this tool tells you how much concrete that design will take.
How do I handle an L-shaped or odd slab?
Split it into rectangles, run each through the calculator (or use the concrete slab calculator, which adds two rectangles for you) and total the cubic feet before converting to yards or bags.